Learner Analysis Essay

Background Summary Flight nurse’s and Flight Paramedics perform as members of an aeromedical crew on helicopters (rotor wing), and airplanes (fixed wing) aircraft, providing for in-flight management and care for all types and ages of patients. Responsibilities of this job include the planning and preparation of each flight, to include such things as; safety, evaluation of an individual patient’s in-flight needs and request of appropriate medications, supplies, and equipment to provide continuing care from origination to the destination facility. They act as liaisons between facilities during an interfacility transport and from scene location to trauma center during medical and trauma related emergencies. They also initiate emergency treatment in the absence of a physician during in-flight medical emergencies. Flight nurses and flight paramedics have training in mechanical ventilation, hemodynamic support, vasoactive medications, airway, and other intensive care skills. Most air medical businesses expect nurses to have at least 2 to 5 years of experience in emergency or critical care units, and the more trauma experience, the better (flightnursetraining.com). This means nurses that have a proven ability to manage multiple patients with vastly different conditions, as well as being able to make split-second decisions about patient care with maximum attention to patient care and safety. Flight paramedics are expected to have a minimum of three years current experience as a paramedic on an advanced life support team and/or critical care transport team. Both of these roles may have to tend to multiple critical cases all at once, so it is important that he or she have the skills to cope with high stress situations. Even though those hired into the role of a flight nurse and flight paramedic come into the role with a core background in critical care and expected level of baseline knowledge,  higher level of autonomous critical thinking and rapid decisio n making is a new skill encountered for many coming into this role. A well-structured training program is an integral part of laying a strong foundation to build the necessary knowledge base needed to assure both a flight nurse and flight paramedic are prepared to perform in their role as a crew chief. Approximately six years ago a well-structured crew chief training program was in place that allowed for consistent and structured learning that allowed all crew member 2 (CM2) to obtain the necessary skills and knowledge expected to hold a position of crew chief. These modules covered areas of navigation, communications, safety, aviation, critical thinking; and incorporated reading material, practical exercises, quizzes and tests which the CM2 worked through in a systematic process. At the completion of the training module; the crew member then went through a question answer board (QAB) process. In the QAB, the crew member was asked a series of questions by a board consisting of a crew chief, clinical manager, pilot, medical director and given multiple scenarios. If the QAB was completed successfully the CM2 then advanced to status of a crew chief. Current State of Problem Currently a structured training program that assures all flight nurses and flight paramedics obtain this baseline level of knowledge that is expected of those in the crew chief role does not exist. The current practice is the assumption that all CM2’s obtain the skills and knowledge necessary by reaching their seventy fifth patient transport. This training plan does not allow for the structured delivery of expected skills and knowledge nor does it allow for a baseline competency to be demonstrated before being promoted from CM2 to crew chief. The current process was put into place to meet the increased demand for staffing experience by the company during a rapid growth period where eight bases turned into sixteen in four years. This current process put into place at this time did allow for rapid streamlined training of new staff; but it failed to take into account quality over quantity. This new process has resulted in CM2’s being promoted to the level of a crew chief w ithout the necessary knowledge that is expected of this role as determined by the management. Goal State All crew members at CM2 status go through a structured crew chief training program. This training will allow for the delivery of consistent, well-structured necessary skills and knowledge. A well-structured training program will assure that all flight crew who obtain crew chief status will have obtained the same base of knowledge and will have all demonstrated the same level of desired competence. Learner Analysis Demographic Information The instructional setting is primarily on the job training; information gained through the live patient care transport environment via ground, rotor or fixed wing aircraft. Nurses and paramedics work as partners in patient transport. This team configuration can be two nurses, or one nurse and one paramedic; but at all times one team member must be a nurse. The third person at the base is the pilot in command, who does not provide any patient care but does and can assist in aviation and safety training. These teams are on shift; stationed at their assigned base for a 24 hour period of time; where training through simulations, reading, and discussions will occur during non-patient transport times. There are 16 bases in the company; located in California, Texas and Oregon. There are 8 full time medical crew assigned to each base and an additional 2-3 part time staff at each base. Age of paramedics and nurses range from 27-61. English is native language spoken by all medical crew members. Educational levels in addition to holding an accredited paramedic license or registered nurse license are ranging from associate degree to doctorate. All Registered nurses in the capacity have received specialized training in critical care, trauma and hold specialized certificates in these areas. All paramedics in this capacity have also obtained additional critical care related training and certificates. Both the nurses and the paramedics receiving the crew chief training have been employed with this company in the flight role for a minimum of 1 year and have obtained the CM2 status. The content area is focused on five areas; to include aviation, safety, communications, navigation, and critical thinking. All medical crew have obtained the basic level of training in these areas have been deemed CM2 which puts them at â€Å"novice† status which deems them competent to s afely complete patient transports. The crew chief level of training is aimed at bringing crew  members from novice to expert level. Prior Knowledge Prior knowledge of all who will receive the crew chief training are those who are at the current CM2 level. They have been working in the capacity as flight nurses or flight paramedics at this company for a minimum of 1 year and have been on at least 75 patient transports. 25% of the total crew members have prior experience working as Flight Nurses or Flight Paramedics at another company; 10% of the flight paramedics have prior flight crew experience through the military prior to coming to this company. Those crew members who achieved crew chief status per the current model will be given a baseline written assessment and go through a crew chief QAB. Those who pass these two items will remain at the status of crew chief; and those who do not pass these assessments will complete a bridge crew chief training program, focusing on those areas of the training they did not pass during their assessments. A written assessment and QAB will be repeated at the conclusion of the bridge training. All crew members surveyed have positive feedback regarding this proposed process. Entry Skills Required Entry level skills required to the crew chief training is to be a CM2 and to have successfully passed the CM2 questions answer board. Successful completion of CM2 training demonstrates successful objectives completed as stated in the CM2 training. In addition to CM2 status; all crew members must have obtained a national certification. National certifications the nurses may obtain are critical care registered nurse (CCRN), care flight critical nurse (CFRN), or certified emergency nurse (CEN). These are each a 100-150 questions tests that are scheduled to be taken at independent test centers as determined by the certifying agencies. The CM2 must also be in good standing with the company; meaning no disciplinary actions in the crew members personal file in the previous six months. Attitudes and Motivation The majority of the flight nurses and flight paramedics are very driven; intense people with a high desire to obtain the crew chief status. Primary motivation comes from the desire to obtain the title status of â€Å"crew chief† and the increased pay rate of 5% per hour. Secondary motivation is the drive that comes from internal motivation to achieve additional training to  reach expert level knowledge in this field. Current attitudes towards training are positive with an overwhelmingly stated desire to have a more structured training program; with higher standards and rigor needed to become a crew chief. Based on the annual employee survey; one of the indicators as stated by employees to improve morale is for a more structured and rigorous crew chief training program. Unique Characteristics and Learning Styles The majority (70%) of the learners described themselves as learning best through â€Å"doing.† Those who stated they learn better through hands-on and learning state reading, watching or hearing the learning material is helpful if they can then have additional hands-on training through simulations or live on-the-job situational experiences. Another 40% of learners said they were not sure how they learned best; but felt having access to the material in writing or reading to be studied was very helpful. All learners wanted tangible resources available such as protocols, standard operating procedures, drug calculators, and other tools that could be obtained through electronic means such as their phones or IPADS; to be accessed as needed during simulated training and live patient transports. According to Kolbs Adult Learning Styles; adults have four distinct ways of preferred ways for examining, analyzing and integrating new knowledge. Converging (doing and thinking), diverging (f eeling and watching), Assimilating (watching and thinking) and Accommodating (doing and feeling). In the VARK model; Neil D Fleming described the primary ways adults acquire new knowledge; the preferred learning styles. In this VARK model; 41% are kinesthetic learners, 16% visual, 25% auditory and 18% readers. Crew member feedback of preferred learning styles and research based evidence regarding preferred adult learning styles appear to correlate. This will allow support from management to build a new crew chief training program that will be based in the delivery methods that will allow consumption of material to be presented through the desired learning styles of adult learners. Unique characteristics of this group of learners is their collective attitudes and internal drive to desire a more rigorous and structured training program with an extreme minority of the crew members desiring to hold title of crew chief without demonstration of knowledge and skills required. It will be  important to build a training program that accommodates all of the stated learning styles so as to use the crew member’s desire for the training to have a product that matches in quality and desired outcome of trainees. Accommodations According to Gregg, Talbert and Lentz (1999),†An appropriately selected instructional accommodations not only provides equal awareness to learning opportunities but also minimizes the learner’s likelihood of failure. Appropriate educational accommodations are determined by taking into account the adult’s unique leaning needs.† All crew members have demonstrated a prerequisite knowledge required to begin this training through successful completion of the CM2 training. All learners are primary English language learners without physical disabilities; as this is a requirement to obtain the role of flight nurse or flight paramedic in this company. The accommodations that should be considered for this training program is one that utilizes all learning styles to ensure the best possible success by all those beginning the training program. Performance Context Managerial Support Learners can expect full organizational support in the training process. One of the top goals of the organization as identified in their â€Å"Strengthen from Within Plan† is to re-build and strengthen a training strategy that will allow for employees to have a structured, well planned out, standardized training program. Employees have overwhelmingly voiced concern in the area of clinical training with regards to the crew chief training in the annual employee survey and through the Best of Practice Suggestion Forum. Management has acknowledged the priority of a structured crew chief training process lost priority in recent years; stating it has been likely to the rapid growth experienced by the company in the last 5 years and with this comes a need to recruit employees bring them to novice status in order to staff new bases. This has caused an oversight in strengthening crew chief training which brings employees to that of expert level in the field. Management has also acknowledged that current process that was put into place approximately 6 years ago; which brings a CM2 to crew chief status via a CM2 completing 75 patient transports and obtaining a national  certification has fallen short of hopes and expectations for this modality of crew chief training. All management are in agreement a more structured training program is needed. All would agree that the skills learned through a structured crew chief training program bring medical flight crew members from a novice to an expert level which translates to superior patient care, superior customer service, which lead to strengthening of the company as a whole. Physical Aspects of the Site The crew chief training takes skills learned by flight crew members during their CM2 training program and adds depth, strengthens critical thinking and problem solving processes and brings a CM2 at novice level up to crew chief which is considered expert level. This training will take place while the crew member is on shift. Training will occur via reading material, videos, discussion with preceptor, clinical manager and base manager, scenarios through case studies and live demonstration during patient transport. The CM2 will be required to complete a written test and sit on a QAB at the end of the crew chief training Process. All required training materials and equipment will be available at each of the 16 bases in the company. Base managers and clinical managers will work with the preceptors to assure all materials and equipment will be kept at each base, kept current with what is being used in live environment and kept in working order. Social Aspects of the Site In the performance setting, medical crew members work in teams. The teams always consist of two nurses, or one nurse and one paramedic. The third team member is the pilot; who are not involved directly in the patient care. Medical crew member’s work in team’s independent of direct supervision of a supervisor. Supervisors such as clinical managers, base managers and a medical director are always available by phone 24 hours a day 7 days a week as needed by the medical crews. The skills obtained in the Crew Chief training will not be being utilized by the medical crews for the first time. Many of these skills learned will have already been used by the crew members in the crew chief training; as much of the training had already been presented to some degree during the CM2 training. It is possible that some patient care skills learned by CM2 and again as crew chiefs will have only  been completed on mannequins in simulations and not on live patients until that patient condition presents itself. These skills are referred to as â€Å"infrequently used skills† and are practiced routinely by all medical crew members in the company. Those receiving initial first time skills and knowledge in their role are the crew member 1 (CM1) team members who are gaining the on-the-job training needed to achieve CM2 status. In these instances; a CM1 is always assigned into a work partnership with another crew member who is at least at the CM2 status. Relevance of Skills to Workplace All skills learned in the training will relate directly to all skills utilized in the actual workplace. There are not current perceived physical, social or motivational constraints. Crew members are highly motivated to have structured crew chief training due to the relationship between skills learned and skills used in work environment. High motivation also exists due to the desired status achievement of crew chief and due to the increased monetary stipend received. References Fleming, N.D. and Mills, C. (1992), Not Another Inventory, Rather a Catalyst for Reflection, To Improve the Academy, Vol. 11, 1992., page 137. Flight Nurse Training. (n.d.). Flight Nurse Training. Retrieved May 8, 2014, from http://www.flightnursetraining.com Suggested Considerations Regarding Accommodations. (1999, January 1). Suggested Considerations Regarding Accommodations. Retrieved May 8, 2014, from http://kairos.technorhetoric.net/7.1/coverweb/grover_hendricks/accommodations.htm Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). . Retrieved May 8, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page Workplace Training and Education: Adult Learning Styles. (2013, January 1). Workplace Training and Education: Adult Learning Styles. Retrieved May 8, 2014, from http://tribehr.com/blog/workplace-training-and-education-adult-learning-styles/

Never Give Up

ENG COMP II Dec. 10, 2008 Never Give Up â€Å"The Rookie† is a 2002 Walt Disney movie that is based on the real-life story of Jim Morris that stars Dennis Quaid in the lead role. â€Å"The Rookie† is also a movie that reflects not only our nations' culture, but also the collective attitude we have towards believing in an individuals' dreams. When a shoulder injury ended his minor league pitching career, Jim Morris resorted to the next best thing: coaching. But Jim's team, The Owls, know their coach is a great ball player and thus make a deal with him: if they win the district championship they want him to try out for a major-league team. Going from worst to first, the team makes it to state and Jim is forced to live up to his end of the deal. At the age of 35 he makes it onto a minor league team and now has to deal with the pressures of a â€Å"younger mans'† sport, life on the road and being separated from his wife and family. The pressures build and like a typical Disney movie, the dream becomes reality at what would seem to be the absolute last moment. Quaid, as Jim Morris, would then take the mound that very same night while his friends and family watched, some from their homes but most from the stands. Morris would then continue to play as one of the relief pitchers for the Tampa Bay Devil Rays over the next two seasons before officially calling it quits. The theme for this movie is obvious and simple: Never give up on your dreams, for it is never too late to believe in them. From the beginning of the movie we see Morris as an adolescent in a variety of locations and weather conditions, but we always see him pitching a baseball. That is until his mother cries out to him saying: â€Å"Jimmy, your father and I need to talk to you. † By now Jimmy is well aware of what his father, who is in the U. S. Marines, is going to say. For the fourth time they are relocating and Jimmy has to put his pitching dreams on hold. That is until his father gets a permanent duty station in Big Lake, Texas. With a bit more exposition and rising action Jimmy meets Henry Sampson in the town store where he learns the town doesn't care much for baseball, but they do care about something else – dreams. Henry then relates the story of the towns' very beginnings and how a man with dreams of finding oil â€Å"right under his feet† got the financial, and spiritual, help he needed from two nuns. The movie steps back in time to 1921 where the camera follows the nuns as they are shown blessing the field with rose pedals and reciting a prayer to Saint Rita, the patron saint of impossible dreams. While the men waited for the oil that would eventually come, they passed the time playing baseball. A few of the men were able to fulfill yet another dream as they got drafted into the major leagues. After hearing the story, the camera follows a teenage Jimmy riding his bike to the field where, on camera close up, he brushes off the pitchers' strip and with a look of determination and steadfastness he digs into the mound with his sneaker and looks at the original oil well. A camera close up shows the sign on the well, ‘SANTARITA No. 1 Completed May 27, 1923'. When it pans back to Jimmy, time has moved forward 20 years, still standing on that very same mound but now as a full grown man however his look is not the same and the well has been out of operation for quite some time. His close up look and facial expression tells us of a dream, like the oil well, that got ‘dried up' before its' time as he digs his boots into the pitchers' mound. However, as a reminder that not all is as it seems to be, the camera focuses on Jimmy's truck where a medallion of Saint Rita hangs from the rear-view mirror. From the man who dreamed of finding oil, to the nuns who dreamed of getting their moneys' worth, to the town that was founded and thrived on those dreams, to Jimmy, and to everyone whoever was or has been, they all have an individual dream they are willing to pursue. They are not unique in this, as it is something that can be traced to, and shared with, the founding fathers of our nation. They had a dream for freedom and representation that they were willing to fight and die for. Two world wars and countless others were fought for one main ideal – to keep the dream alive. Whether the dream be for territory or freedom from oppression, it does not matter. Keeping, pursuing and accomplishing the dream is within everyone of us and, as is the case with Jim Morris, it does not matter how long it takes; dreams can be fulfilled. The movie â€Å"The Rookie† serves to remind us that in todays' culture that while our dreams may be individual they can, and often do, reach father than our imagination could ever anticipate. In our modern day, dreams are fulfilled everywhere by those willing and determined enough to make them happen. While these dreams may be on an individual basis, they can be, and are often, shared across the nation. One only has to look at the world of sports to bear witness to some of the most compelling individual efforts that have a nation dreaming right along with them. Lance Armstrong won the grueling Tour de France bicycle race seven times after beating testicular cancer. The 2008 Summer Olympics, where the best of the best across the world come to compete, saw Michael Phelps win a world-record eight Gold medals in swimming. To accomplish his dream Phelps would have to swim two major races a day, each day, for four days straight. And a majority of Americans would watch and be with him stroke for stroke cheering him on, praying for the dream that would come true. Closer to home, Mary Alison Milford, a Fayetteville native, competed in the Paralympics on the U. S. Wheelchair Basketball team that defeated Germany for the Gold Medal. I dare anyone to attend a championship game anywhere, and to tell me that they could not physically feel the home-town audiences' presence. You can taste it in the air, it is a live electricity that raises the hair on your arm, it is the simple awe and power of the many becoming one for a dream and it is never too late to dream. Even if the dream is as individually personal as graduating from school with a Masters degree 20 years after you first started taking classes. Dare I to dream and see the words Cum Laude on my diploma? I believe I just have. Work Sited The Rookie. Dir. John Lee Hancock. Perf. Dennis Quaid, Rachel Griffins, Brian Cox; screenplay by Mike Rich. Walt Disney Pictures, 2002. DVD. Walt Disney Home Video. 2002. Never Give Up ENG COMP II Dec. 10, 2008 Never Give Up â€Å"The Rookie† is a 2002 Walt Disney movie that is based on the real-life story of Jim Morris that stars Dennis Quaid in the lead role. â€Å"The Rookie† is also a movie that reflects not only our nations' culture, but also the collective attitude we have towards believing in an individuals' dreams. When a shoulder injury ended his minor league pitching career, Jim Morris resorted to the next best thing: coaching. But Jim's team, The Owls, know their coach is a great ball player and thus make a deal with him: if they win the district championship they want him to try out for a major-league team. Going from worst to first, the team makes it to state and Jim is forced to live up to his end of the deal. At the age of 35 he makes it onto a minor league team and now has to deal with the pressures of a â€Å"younger mans'† sport, life on the road and being separated from his wife and family. The pressures build and like a typical Disney movie, the dream becomes reality at what would seem to be the absolute last moment. Quaid, as Jim Morris, would then take the mound that very same night while his friends and family watched, some from their homes but most from the stands. Morris would then continue to play as one of the relief pitchers for the Tampa Bay Devil Rays over the next two seasons before officially calling it quits. The theme for this movie is obvious and simple: Never give up on your dreams, for it is never too late to believe in them. From the beginning of the movie we see Morris as an adolescent in a variety of locations and weather conditions, but we always see him pitching a baseball. That is until his mother cries out to him saying: â€Å"Jimmy, your father and I need to talk to you. † By now Jimmy is well aware of what his father, who is in the U. S. Marines, is going to say. For the fourth time they are relocating and Jimmy has to put his pitching dreams on hold. That is until his father gets a permanent duty station in Big Lake, Texas. With a bit more exposition and rising action Jimmy meets Henry Sampson in the town store where he learns the town doesn't care much for baseball, but they do care about something else – dreams. Henry then relates the story of the towns' very beginnings and how a man with dreams of finding oil â€Å"right under his feet† got the financial, and spiritual, help he needed from two nuns. The movie steps back in time to 1921 where the camera follows the nuns as they are shown blessing the field with rose pedals and reciting a prayer to Saint Rita, the patron saint of impossible dreams. While the men waited for the oil that would eventually come, they passed the time playing baseball. A few of the men were able to fulfill yet another dream as they got drafted into the major leagues. After hearing the story, the camera follows a teenage Jimmy riding his bike to the field where, on camera close up, he brushes off the pitchers' strip and with a look of determination and steadfastness he digs into the mound with his sneaker and looks at the original oil well. A camera close up shows the sign on the well, ‘SANTARITA No. 1 Completed May 27, 1923'. When it pans back to Jimmy, time has moved forward 20 years, still standing on that very same mound but now as a full grown man however his look is not the same and the well has been out of operation for quite some time. His close up look and facial expression tells us of a dream, like the oil well, that got ‘dried up' before its' time as he digs his boots into the pitchers' mound. However, as a reminder that not all is as it seems to be, the camera focuses on Jimmy's truck where a medallion of Saint Rita hangs from the rear-view mirror. From the man who dreamed of finding oil, to the nuns who dreamed of getting their moneys' worth, to the town that was founded and thrived on those dreams, to Jimmy, and to everyone whoever was or has been, they all have an individual dream they are willing to pursue. They are not unique in this, as it is something that can be traced to, and shared with, the founding fathers of our nation. They had a dream for freedom and representation that they were willing to fight and die for. Two world wars and countless others were fought for one main ideal – to keep the dream alive. Whether the dream be for territory or freedom from oppression, it does not matter. Keeping, pursuing and accomplishing the dream is within everyone of us and, as is the case with Jim Morris, it does not matter how long it takes; dreams can be fulfilled. The movie â€Å"The Rookie† serves to remind us that in todays' culture that while our dreams may be individual they can, and often do, reach father than our imagination could ever anticipate. In our modern day, dreams are fulfilled everywhere by those willing and determined enough to make them happen. While these dreams may be on an individual basis, they can be, and are often, shared across the nation. One only has to look at the world of sports to bear witness to some of the most compelling individual efforts that have a nation dreaming right along with them. Lance Armstrong won the grueling Tour de France bicycle race seven times after beating testicular cancer. The 2008 Summer Olympics, where the best of the best across the world come to compete, saw Michael Phelps win a world-record eight Gold medals in swimming. To accomplish his dream Phelps would have to swim two major races a day, each day, for four days straight. And a majority of Americans would watch and be with him stroke for stroke cheering him on, praying for the dream that would come true. Closer to home, Mary Alison Milford, a Fayetteville native, competed in the Paralympics on the U. S. Wheelchair Basketball team that defeated Germany for the Gold Medal. I dare anyone to attend a championship game anywhere, and to tell me that they could not physically feel the home-town audiences' presence. You can taste it in the air, it is a live electricity that raises the hair on your arm, it is the simple awe and power of the many becoming one for a dream and it is never too late to dream. Even if the dream is as individually personal as graduating from school with a Masters degree 20 years after you first started taking classes. Dare I to dream and see the words Cum Laude on my diploma? I believe I just have. Work Sited The Rookie. Dir. John Lee Hancock. Perf. Dennis Quaid, Rachel Griffins, Brian Cox; screenplay by Mike Rich. Walt Disney Pictures, 2002. DVD. Walt Disney Home Video. 2002.

Life Resource Center Scavenger Hunt Worksheet Essay

The Life Resource Center (LRC) is a valuable free tool available to Associate Level students. Taking some time to explore this website to discover some of the many topics, resources, and tools available is a great way to find information to enhance health and wellness. Login to the student website. Click on the Programs tab at the top of the page, and then on Life Resource Center under Services. Explore the resources available on the site and use them to answer the following questions. 1. What are the three ways that students may receive counseling services through the LRC? Online, a campus, or by phone 2. What heading are the Health Tools and Health Challenges found under? Thriving tab 3. Where is the Assess Your Health tool located? Thriving tab and Health tools heading 4. What are the five categories on the Live Healthy Page? How healthy are you, Lifestyle changes, Physical fitness, Prevention and screening, Tips for healthy living. 5. Where can resources and articles about good nutrition be found on the LRC? Under the Thriving tab and healthy eating heading 6. What are three of the health topics that can be found on the LRC? Men’s Health, Women’s Health, Senior’s Health 7. What are two categories found under the Medical Care heading? Alternative and complementary medicine, Dental care 8. Where on the LRC would a person find information on addiction and recovery? Balancing tab, Addiction and Recovery heading 9. Where on the LRC would a person find information about health issues related to aging? Ageing tab and in the Health heading 10. What are three psychosocial health topics that are available on the LRC? Phobias, ADHD, and Suicide

Immigration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Immigration - Research Paper Example We can call it a safe country. One feels comfortable in any part of the country without the threat of terrorism or violence. People are guaranteed protection even in bigger cities like Washington and Florida. They do not feel as if they are being neglected because they are not in their own homeland. There is American social help system which does not make you feel unaccompanied when you are facing difficulties settling down. There are a lot of government sponsored programs and courses that support you in your hard times. For example, if you lose your job, you will be supported through a government funded program to back up your finances until you find a new job. America is one of the developed countries whose economical infrastructure is very strong. One can be sure to find a suitable paying job in this country, although â€Å"Illegal immigrants in the United States represent a significant portion of the workforce† (Fuqua 213). Most of the jobs are well rewarding making one feel comfortable with one’s life in America. Even if one’s family is not living in America, one can fully support them through the American job income. Moreover, there are loving and caring communities in America which make your life even more pleasant. American people welcome the immigrants with open arms and make them feel at home. So, the new comers feel secure and protected. Immigration to U.S. is relatively harder than immigration to any other country. You have to fulfill various document requirements under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) (Garcia). But after the immigration, the immigrants occupy different occupations, thus, enhancing the already stable economic system. Those who take admissions in reputed universities come out as educated professionals and get high paying jobs. This also benefits the country’s financial and social structure. Thus, the immigrants also play their part in strengthening the

Mazda Positioning a Product Line Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mazda Positioning a Product Line - Essay Example But over years companies have recognized the importance of being closer to the customers. Marketers identified the importance of emphasizing the process of communication and the channels used for communicating. This led to the emergence of IMC. IMC is all about strengthening the relationship of the brand with the consumers. This is where communication plays the lead role. (Karthik, 2003) Marketing communication is aimed at retaining customers than to acquire customers. A more advanced form involves selecting customers whereby the most prospective customers are identified. (Smith & Taylor, 2004) The importance of marketing communication is evident from the way marketers and management experts view the advertisement. There was a period when advertisements were criticised and portrayed as a social evil. But nowadays, companies approach advertising as a long-term investment. (Stanley et.al., 1992) This marketing report is aimed at analyzing the product positioning efforts done by Mazda. The case is analyzed in detail in the report. The main intention of the report is to study and analyze the various IMC concepts used by Mazda in the various product positioning efforts. The new marketing effort was a very big challenge for the company because it involved changing the total customer perception of a product. Television ads are one of the most effective tools of IMC. The  Internet is another powerful tool for marketing. (Richards & Brown, 2006) A company that intends to establish or re-establish a brand can depend usually on these prominent sources of advertising. (Shimp, 2007) It is necessary that the advertisement should be appealing to the target audience. An ad that is targeted at a particular group should contain those message and information that are appealing to them. Mazda’s intention of re-branding Protà ©gà © was to position it as a car for young enthusiasts. Women usually spend a  lot of time in front of the  TV. This was the reason why Mazda chose to use the  TV for the new Protà ©gà © ad. Mazda wanted to place the car in the minds of the customers as a car that can be used for hang out and also for fun drive.

Organizational culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Organizational culture - Essay Example Thus effective leadership requires accomplishment and influencing. Leadership requires trust and commitment of others, which they can achieve through their own behavior and integrity. Leaders create and deal with change; leadership requires vision, direction, strategies, motivation and inspiring. The model of leadership developed by Kouzes and Posner is known as The Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership. These qualities include modeling the way, inspiring a shared vision, challenging the process, enabling others to act and encouraging the heart (Wiley, 2000). Developing and inspiring a shared vision requires leadership because it has to be realistic and credible (Nahata, 2001). If the vision is shared, the individuals can find their own roles, which contribute to their personal and professional growth. The strength of a leader lies in his ability to inspire others to give their best. For instance, there is always a resistance to change in the face of environmental pressure and uncertainty when it is caused by the organization culture, says Schein (Lakomski, 2001). A leader plays a crucial role in such cases where he has to inspire them to understand and accept the vision or the corporate goals. The individuals have to be inspired to deal with the external and internal environment. The leader can transform the current stagnating culture into a productive culture. When the resistance to change appears to be non-rational, the dynamics of culture have to be understood. The leader would first need to unfreeze the old assumptions after which c ognitive restructuring takes place. Thereafter refeezing takes place which means that changed behaviors and new assumptions become embedded and reinforced as the new culture through which the organization can solve the problems. In this change model, the role of the leader in managing change becomes

Part 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Part 3 - Essay Example The swimming exercise lengthens the lower and upper body. The stretching that one does using their arms and legs pushes the swimmer through the water. The safety in the water is high since there is no impact involved. This security reduces the risk of getting injured in the course of swimming, making it a safe and efficient exercise for joint flexibility. It is a necessary activity when one requires stretching shoulder and elbow joints in the arm and muscles and joints of the legs. The third exercise for improving flexibility in the joints of the body is stationary rowing. This exercise involves making movements with the upper body as if one is rowing a boat. This exercise is a cardiovascular one and extends and contracts all the muscles and joints of the lower and upper body. This training is necessary for improving the knee, shoulder and elbow joints. The fourth exercise is Pilates. It engages the abdominal muscles and improves the mobility of joints. The shallow and profound breaths that take place during Pilates promote flexibility and relaxation. This exercise is necessary for improving the range of motion in one’s joints (Watkins, 1988). Watkins, R., & Buhler, B. (1988). The water workout recovery program: Safe and painless exercises for treating back pain, muscle tears, tendinitis, sports injuries, and more. Chicago: Contemporary

Psychology (personality and social psychology Essay

Psychology (personality and social psychology - Essay Example The three personality factors that were originally developed in the study of personality were (a)Neuroticism (b) Extraversion and (c) Openness to experience(Bell et al, 1972).. This was the original version of the Personality measurement Inventory that was referred to as the NEO (Neuroticism-Extroversion-Openness Inventory) Scale and was used as a part of studies conducted on ageing. Costa and McCrae (1985) examined competing personality theories and developed two additional traits. These two factors were Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. Based upon this, they published their revised personality list which included all the five factors, ranking as equally important constituent elements of personality (Costa and McCrae, 1985). Moreover, each of these broad personality factors also comprised a set of separate dimensions within each. For example, the Neuroticism factor included such personality traits such as anxiety, depression, hostility, self consciousness, impulsiveness and vulnerability to stress. This was a reflection of the inner mental state of the individual. The extraversion factor is a personality measure of the degree of sociability in an individual’s personality. It comprises the qualities of warmth, gregariousness, assertiveness, activity, excitement seeking and positive emotion. The Openness personality factor comprises a range of internal attributes such as fantasy, feelings, ideas, actions, values and aesthetics. The Agreeableness factor developed by Costa and McCrae includes trust, straightforwardness, altruism, modesty, compliance and tender-mindedness. The last personality factor – Conscientiousness, includes the sub factors of Competence, order, dutifulness, self discipline, striving and achievement striving. Through an analysis of all of these major factors and the sub factors that comprise them, it is therefore possible to arrive at a detailed view of the

Offshoring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Offshoring - Essay Example Methods: In a bid to ensure the data collected is accurate, a quantitative approach has been employed. Once collected, the data is analyzed by running a regression using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS). Findings: the research has found 93% R-Square value that essentially implies that close to 93% of the variation in the value of the dependent is well explained by the variation in the independent variation. Also, the results showed a 0.000137 p-value for the off-shoring coefficient, so the p-value is lower than 0.05. In essence, this is interpreted to mean that a change in the percentage of material off shoring indeed has an effect on labor and productivity. This research paper has been made in order to complement to pass of bachelor degree in business administration program. I would like to start by thanking God for helping me to finish my thesis, also I would like to say thanks to whoever have helped me directly or indirectly with my thesis and studying and that includes a very special thank for my supervisor (PhD. ShlairAbdulkhaleq) and Dean (PhD Fatih Çura). Also I would like to thank my parents whom supported me from the start, and of course I would like to say thanks to my husband for everything .In the end, I would like to tell you that I’m really happy from the bottom of my heart that I was able to do this thesis and it’s just a step towards the success that I’m dreaming of, and I hope that it will help the upcoming student in their studies and they can benefit from the information below. Modern businesses are driven by innovation. Outsourcing is one of the methods of innovation undertaken by different business enterprises. Outsourcing enables to open new horizons that in turn lead to increased productivity. However, any new idea brings along its own set of conditions and parameters with it. Outsourcing is no exception in this regard and it has certain prerequisites and parameters that need to be

CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) - Essay Example and expected returns which is denoted as r. The ? is used as a measure of non diversified risk and implies that the expected return is the return on a risk free asset in addition to a risk premium (Laubscher, 2002). The risk premium will be equivalent to the market return in surplus of the risk free rate which is multiplied by the share portfolio. This is the reason that ? is regarded as the difference between the returns on various share portfolio. The formula for CAPM model is denoted below: R = Rf + ?(Rm - Rf) R = Expected return on the share/portfolio. Rf = Risk-free rate of return. ? = Beta (volatility of the share/portfolio relative to the market portfolio). Rm = Expected return on the market portfolio. Rm - Rf = Market risk premium (Laubscher, 2002). In the CAPM model risk is defined as the extent to which returns on share portfolio have covariance and variance with the market returns. ? is used for measuring risk and the basis for expected market returns. It is used as a meas ure for non diversified risk and is a relative measure of risk relative to the market portfolio. ... Government bonds and Treasury bills are used instead of this instrument (Laubscher, 2002). 2. Return in the market: The market portfolio constitutes of all kinds of risky assets and is one of the most available diversified portfolios. After the valuation of portfolio is done then it will be difficult to diversify the risk. The market return is the return on the market portfolio which constitutes of all risky assets. The rate of return is actually measured by the approximation of the stock indices which is used a proxy to the market. However, the problem arises regarding the choice of the index to be used as a proxy (Laubscher, 2002).The expected rate of return depends upon the market risk but it also depends upon the nature of the benchmark of the portfolios. However, investors are satisfied in investing in a limited number of benchmark portfolios. 3. Beta (?): This is one of the most crucial aspects of the CAPM model; as it helps in determining the difference between the expected ma rket return and the actual market rate of return. Portfolio betas are usually derived from the historical data and are useful in the measurement of the betas of the future (Rai University, n.d.). According to economic analysts the high beta shares tend to have a higher returns and lower betas shares tend to have low returns. The relationship between the average returns and beta is linear but the slope of risk and return relationship is not as steep as estimated by the CAPM model. Beta measures the relationship based on past returns and the derived results are more accurate than the standard deviation used to measure the relationship between risk and returns (Laubscher, 2002). Figure 1: Relationship of risk & return as per CAPM Model (Source: Myers, 2003) From the

Impact of Alcohol Essay Example for Free

Impact of Alcohol Essay Impact of Alcohol Works Cited Missing Alcohol plays too significant a role in society today and should be an after thought as opposed to the most essential addition to any social event. Alcohol creates numerous social, economic, and health problems that could very easily be stopped if it played a less influential role in every day events. The us [tags: Research Alcohol Drinking Essays] 1253 words (3. 6 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Alcohol Consumption Alcohol Consumption As we discussed in class, there is a concept that each individual has more than one self. An individual has both a physical self and a mental or emotional self. I will give you an example to illustrate this concept. Many people who wake up to an alarm in the morning often find it very difficult to get themselves o [tags: Health Alcohol Drinking Essays] :: 5 Sources Cited 1152 words (3. 3 pages) Strong Essays [preview] The Effects of Alcohol The Effects of Alcohol Works Cited Not Included Alcohol is a substance that has numerous diverse affects on the body-both positive and negative. Alcohol not only kills brain cells, but when taken in profusion it has almost no constructive affects. Sure it can make one overlook his/her problems, but the consequences of drinking in ex [tags: Papers Alcohol Drinking Liquor Essays] 1171 words (3. 3 pages) Better Essays [preview] Alcohol and Teens Alcohol and Teens From pastures to unsupervised blowouts at home, the social calendars of most teens are full of alcohol. Other drugs rise and fall in popularity from generation to generation, but alcohol never really goes out of style. From being worshiped by the ancient Babylonians to being forbidden to teenagers, alcohol has caused many [tags: Drinking Underage Alcohol Abuse Essays] :: 7 Sources Cited.

Opposites and Paradoxes in King Lear Essay Example for Free

Opposites and Paradoxes in King Lear Essay The sequence of oppositional characters and motifs in the play bring about in the audience a sense of the corruption of principles that beset the protagonists of the play. With this sense of opposition comes a strong sense of the duality within the play seemingly centred on the Epodoclean theory of a â€Å"world governed by the contrary forces of love and hate. Though this is not unusual for a stage production, McAlindon believes that when the bond of opposites that constitutes the natural order of â€Å"revolt against limit and fly to extremes. † This can be seen in the characters foremost as the sons of Gloucester as well as the daughters of Lear are directly opposed to each other. Indeed it is in the internal nature of Lear that this is focused most powerfully as his beliefs in love and kindnesses are offset by the egocentric and chloric feelings that dwell within his heart. It is mainly from the character and fate of Lear that the true extent of the breakdown of nature can be seen as within the space of two weeks he has sunk from kingship to a world of destitution and poverty as he suffers at â€Å"th’ extreme verge† in his relationship with his family. What is most tragic in relation to Lear though is his rediscovery of Cordelia before the heart wrenching death she endures as he is thrown from the heights of grief before his heart gives way under the strain of ecstatic joy. But while the emotional converses that Lear endures are tremendously powerful they are not the only matters in opposition throughout the play. There can be seen in the various settings of the play a number of thematic oppositions, with the most apparent being the contrast between the nocturnal and gloomy castle of Gloucester as opposed to the serene Dover fields where Father and daughter are reunited, where love opposes strife. Indeed there are a great number of inversions that apply a new number of possible thoughts to the understanding of the play. Lear’s sufferings are completely opposed to the more typical tragedies of the Shakespearean era where there was a distinct separation between the suffering of the social elite and â€Å"the low and the ludicrous† in the principal of the Senecan school of thought. In King Lear though it would appear to be the Saturnalism theories that prevail as the positions of the lowest are inverted with those of the highest, as Lear takes the place of his fool in declaring the unpalatable truths of the world in his madness, adopting a sense of tragedy in the manner in which this is done. There are none more demonstrative of inversions than the antonymic nominalism that occupy the play with the most pathetic being Gloucesters praise of Goneril and Cornwall, whereby his loyalty to the king becomes â€Å"treason† whereas Edmund’s betrayal is described as a show of â€Å"loyalty. † But more than this it is a key illustration of the wickedness of protagonist such as Goneril who condemn â€Å"harmful mildness. † This sense of paradox is prevalent mostly in the evil party where it comes to signify a moral and social inversion of a rational order of things. In contrast to this a positive paradox comes to represent a renewal through destruction and a discovery though loss, most notably seen in the increase of France’s attraction for Cordelia following her rejection by Lear as she becomes an â€Å"unprized precious maid,† becoming â€Å"most choice, forsaken† as the isolation of â€Å"forsaken† seemingly highlighting the paradox. What is more is that a sense of pathos is granted through this as Lear’s misinterpretation of each one of his daughters and his reliance of the â€Å"wolfish† Regan and Goneril, as well as Gloucester’s miscomprehension of Edmund as being a â€Å"loyal and natural boy. The twin paradoxes that appear in the discovery of madness, characterised by Lear, and the discovery of vision in blindness are the most powerful in the development dignity undertaken by Lear and to an extent Gloucester in this play. McAlindon believes that of all the paradoxes it is the fact that th e tragedy develops around an inability â€Å"to contain the worst effects of a terrible eruption in nature,† and none is more terrible than the progressive failing of family links. The typical familial bond of mutual love and affection that is the ornerstone of most families is shockingly absent in King Lear though it is desperately craved by Lear himself. McAlindon believes that this style of bond involves love and justice as well as that it â€Å"predicates a glad and spontaneous performance of offices and responsibilities. † It is therefore bewildering that Edmund would break such a bond in such an anti-familial manner, undermining civilised society in the process, and comparisons can be drawn between him and Iago in his mistreatment of Claudius in Othello. Gloucester, however, can be seen to be as equally to blame for Edmund’s waywardness as his dreadful mistreatment of him, whose breeding is only acknowledged as Gloucester â€Å"often blushed,† and seems to be a victim of tragic causality as Edmund comes to believe that he owes everything to himself. The ancient Greek writers Plato and Aristotle believe that love creates emotional awareness and allows for the creation of just law. With this in mind the manner with which Lear treats the link between him and his daughters in such a material way shatters any sense of order or responsibility in his court with the dismissal of Cordelia and Kent becoming a satire of what passes for justice in society. If Plato’s theories are developed then it would seem that the main cause for injustice is a loss of human kindness and sympathy, explaining fully Edmund’s pathological hardness as his bastardy alienates him. In the same manner in which Edmund suffers a lack of acknowledgement, so too does Lear suffer the same fate, it is only through his mistreatment on the familial ties. McAlindon believes that Lear holds a heavy â€Å"dependence of personal identity on the bond† and it is his reliance on the bond as a material tie makes him a nobody after he divulges himself from his power and estate resulting in one of the most pathetic lines â€Å"I gave you all† separated from the cruelty of Regan. The greatest dignity is then conveyed onto those around him who still perceive the bond to be a union through love, and therefore still hold the same respect for Lear despite his failure to recognise them. The importance of a character understanding the treatment of time plays an integral part in the possibility of them being seen as a tragic figure. King Lear is a tragedy characteristic of its age, a tragedy of extreme and terrible violence, as there is a sense of the untimeliness of violence and destruction that rashness and impatience bring about. Most characteristic of this flaw is Lear as his kingdom implodes through his â€Å"hideous rashness† as he signals the unleashing of pitiless violence that culminates in the utterly pathetic death of Cordelia. He is ironically guilty too of being overly patient as there is an almost comic stichomythia between him and Kent portraying his unwillingness to accept facts. A parallel can be drawn with Gloucester in this as his impatience regarding the supposed traitor Edgar is both unjust and demonstrative of the nexus between time and justice as well as injustice and haste. Calculated swiftness becomes characteristic with the actions of the evil party and can be seen by Edmunds manipulation of Gloucester under the pretence of judicial behaviour as well as that of his brother as he acts â€Å"in cunning† and its placement a the beginning of the line illuminates its two meanings. In an extreme contrast the good party align themselves with time, adopting a policy of patience that is both dignified and tragic. Edgar is keen to wait for â€Å"the mature time† whilst Kent waits for the perfect moment to reveal himself to his master, however, it is his own personal tragedy that he never finds the right moment. This can be seen as a demonstration of a true heart as this is a play that appeals profoundly to the heart as much as it does to the mind. Emblematic of a noble heart is the manner in which a protagonist empathises and treats those around them and powerful contrasts can be seen between characters and their counterparts. Indeed the most powerful of these contrasts is between the â€Å"dog-hearted daughters† of Lear and Cordelia with the scenic juxtaposition of tranquil Dover and the castles and courts of Regan and Goneril a clear demonstration of this. To be truly tragic in King Lear a character possess a good heart and this is perfectly shown by the â€Å"marble hearted sisters† as opposed to Kent’s whose own heart is pierced by Lear’s rejection of Cordelia. Alongside the good characters Lear’s heart is true in its nature, though he seems to suffer the promethean anguish, with his heart replacing the traditional liver, culminating in his death which must be presumed as being from a broken heart. Compassionate love is the supreme value in the play and as discussed above beliefs and social morals come from love and therefore the heart. Conversely though a slighted heart can produce the most devastating fury and hatred through grief as not only does the heart present the duality of nature with the possibility for disunity and anarchy but in this same manner emphasizing the importance of patience. Therefore the presence of all the aforementioned undertones and subtle themes tragedy is both made distinctly more unattainable as well as becoming much more powerful in its nature, with pathos coming to play a key role in its development.

The Environment And Intensive Farming Environmental Sciences Essay

The Environment And Intensive Farming Environmental Sciences Essay By 5000 BC the Sumerians had developed core agricultural techniques including large-scale intensive cultivation of land, mono-cropping, organized irrigation, and the use of a specialized labour force. Intensive farming or  intensive agriculture  is an agricultural system that aims to produce maximum yield from available land. Besides, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s also an  agricultural  production system characterized by the high inputs of  capital,  labour or heavy usage of technologies such as  pesticides  and chemical  fertilizers  relative to land area. You could say food is produced in large quantities with the help of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. The products such as eggs, meat and many agricultural products available in many supermarkets are produced using modern intensive farming. Intensive farming is practiced widely by many of the developed economies of the world. Sustainable intensive farming, intensive aquaculture, intensive live stock farming and managed intensive grazing fall under intensive farming. Environment issues of Intensive Farming Intensive farming may bring some issues to the environment. For instance:- Intensive farming includes the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, fungicides and insecticides.  It is also associated with overpopulated animal farms, which are often associated with pollution and animal sickness. And even more disturbing is the fact that the majority of working farms use intensive farming. This means more chemicals on our plate at each meal. The use of such massive amounts of nitrogen based fertilizers contaminates the area lakes and rivers. Forests are destroyed to create large open fields and this could lead to soil erosion and affects natural habits in the forest. The pesticides sprayed on crops destroy pests, contaminate the crops and kill good insects. Eventually, these chemicals are passed on to the human beings.   The fruits and vegetables bought from farms that promote intensive farming are covered with invisible pesticide. These are not easily washed off. The residue of the pesticide affect the health of human beings.   Use of pesticides has numerous negative health effects on workers who applied those, people that live nearby the area of application or downstream from it and consumers who eat the pesticides which remain on their food. INTENSIVE FARMING IN MALAYSIA Livestock farming in Sabah once seen as backyard farming and pose no threat to the environment, but with the rapid development in the livestock industry, particularly in monogastric subsector, coupled with rapid expansion of urban and peri-urban area, livestock farming has become the critical issue. Excessive livestock waste as a result of intensive farming system need to be addressed. Although animal waste can be utilized as a manure to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, it can also cause environmental hazard if not managed properly. It can caused malodour or odour nuisance to environment, surface water contamination, secondary pollution and also religious sensitivity. Table 1. Estimated Livestock Population of Sabah, 1999 Species Number (Head) Cattle 44,837 Buffalo 50,741 Goat 37,285 Sheep 1,900 Pig 100,000 Chicken 3,400,000 Duck 113,000 Source: (Anon.1999b) Livestock Species Population Waste Produce (m.t.) per Year Poultry 2.4 millions 178,000 Duck 0.5 millions 55,000 Pig 85,000 248,000 Cattle/Buffalo 97,000 1,416,000 Goat/Sheep 38,000 70,000 Total    1,967,000 Source: (Mokhtar and Chia, 2000) Table 2. Total livestock population and the wastes produced per year The rapid growth of the livestock industry caused on environmental problem-related to the livestock waste generated from the intensive farming system. Livestock waste generated from an extensive or semi extensive farming system does not seem to cause any major environmental problem as shown in table 2, cattle or buffalo wastes amount to 1.4 million metric ton compare to pig wastes about 248,000 metric ton. The problem is further aggravated with the rapid development of the urban and peri-urban area where most of the livestock farms are situated. The total livestock population and the waste produced per year for selected animal is illustrated in Table 2. Environmental problems cause by livestock farming Water Pollution Main environmental problem cause by livestock farming is water pollution, according to The Malaysian Environmental Quality Report, 12 rivers in the state were polluted with ammoniac nitrogen (NH3-N) due to livestock farming and domestic wastes in 1997. Water pollution cause by livestock farming occurred due to malfunction of waste lagoon or accidentally spill over from flooded lagoon or deliberate flushing of wastes directly into river system. Water may turn reddish brown and may destroy the fragile ecosystem. Pollution from nutrients contained in animal manure, namely phosphorous and nitrogen is one of the most serious problems, leading to excess algae growth, robbing water of oxygen which may lead to mass destruction of fish. Air pollution The anaerobic decomposition of stored animal wastes generates various volatile metabolic compounds of which a dozen contributes to odour, in particular hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and ammonia. These can cause continuous source of strong, persistent and unreasonably offensive hog/poultry odours. The resulting of air pollution is interfering with surrounding areas. Air pollution in the form of ammonia nitrogen can cause respiratory illness in the neighborhood up to two miles away from the site. Potential source of diseases Beside serious environmental problem, animal waste also may become a source of various diseases such as infectious worm larvae hatched from the worm eggs passed out with the faeces; contamination encrusted with organic matter is an ideal breeding ground of harmful bacteria. Arthropods such as flies, lice, fleas that are attracted by animal waste may trigger outbreak of infectious diseases, because they are the vectors to transmit diseases such as viruses, rickettsiae, protozoa and helminthes. WAYS TO PREVENT There are several ways to prevent Environmental problems cause by livestock farming, fr instance:- To minimize environment problem caused by pig waste there should be proper animal waste management system such as improving the housing adopting by the Pit Recharge System and Concrete Floor unit.   The adoption of the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBBR) with an Automation, which is waste water treatment system with the function of stirring, aeration and settling.     To reduce the odour emitted from farm, a close housing system with regulated ventilation is used. Thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s mean, by using high efficiency fans at one end of the building; fresh air is sucked ion from outside environment passing through the cooling pad to reduce the temperature before being delivered into the building. Livestock Farming Rules, 2001. In the meantime the Department of Veterinary Services and Animal Industry is well aware of the need to control and rectify irregularities in the livestock farming practices. Base on this, Livestock Farming Rules, 2000 (Draft) was introduced. This regulation was created under the existing Animal Ordinance 1962 (Amended 1998). Under this legislation, all livestock farms shall be operated under the permit of Department of Veterinary Services and Animal Industry, Sabah (DOVSAI).            Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   CONCLUSION Intensive farming or  intensive agriculture  is an agricultural system characterized by the high inputs of  capital,  labour or heavy usage of technologies such as  pesticides  and chemical  fertilizers  relative to land area. Intensive farming is practiced widely by many of the developed economies of the world. However, it may bring disadvantages to our environment. Livestock farming has become the critical issue. The rapid growth of the livestock industry in Sabah caused on environmental problem-related to the livestock waste generated from the intensive farming system. Excessive livestock waste as a result of intensive farming system need to be addressed. If not managed properly, it can caused malodour or odour nuisance to environment, surface water contamination, secondary pollution and also religious sensitivity.       RERERENCES http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intensive_farming http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-for-intensive-farming.html http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-and-disadvantages-for-intensive-farming.html http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5019e/y5019e0l.htm http://kb.rspca.org.au/RSPCA-Policy-B2-Intensive-farming-practices_165.html http://www.sabah.gov.my/jpas/news/SITE/SITEppr12.pdf

Three Principal Meetings that Led to the Adoption of the Constitution o

Three Principal Meetings that Led to the Adoption of the Constitution of the United States There were three principal meetings that led to the adoption of the Constitution of the United States, and only two Virginians attended all three. The meetings were the Mount Vernon Conference of 1785, the Annapolis Convention of 1786 and the Philadelphia Convention in 1787. James Madison was one attendee, and he is well known as the Father of the Constitution and our fourth President. George Mason was the other, yet his name does not spring to mind. Does George Mason deserve the accolade "Founding Father?" This paper will explore the political life of Mason and attempt to answer the question affirmatively. Before exploring Mason through his papers, his biographies and the papers of his contemporaries, it is necessary to decide what one must have done to be included in the list of our republic's founders. For purposes of this investigation, we must find that Mason's words or actions were influential in the document as finally ratified. While Mason's authorship of the Virginia Declaration of Rights is easily tied to the Bill of Rights, the question for this paper is whether Mason's handprints appear on the mold of our Constitution. Mason is well regarded as a political writer. "His three most brilliant papers - 'Extracts from the Virginia Charters', 'The Virginia Resolutions' and 'Declaration of Rights' have become immortalized as the very foundations of American democracy." Herbert Lawrence Ganter identified George Mason as an "eighteenth century champion of liberty for all." But these approbations are difficult to uncover. More commonly, one finds quotations such as "†¦the wr itings of the great thinkers of the age - Jefferson, Madison, Hamilton, Adams†¦" To adequately examine George Mason, a brief review of his pre-convention life and activities helps set up his provenance as a founding father. George Mason, the fourth so named in this lineage, was born about 1725. His father drowned during a squall while crossing the Potomac in 1735. His education was at the hand of his paternal uncle and co-guardian John Mercer of Marlborough who had "†¦assembled one of the outstanding libraries in the colony†¦" Mercer's collection was heavily weighted toward law and legal treatises but contained the currently popular classic literature as well as works on philosop... ...ited States." In further debate, Colonel Mason moved to insert the words "increased or" before "diminished" in the proposed clause defining the compensation of judges, but this motion was voted down. On August 28, Mason objected to the clause denying States the right to interfere in private contracts. On August 29 Mason joined the fray on the issue of regulation of commerce and States' rights, again expressing his concern that southern states are a minority. On the issue of new western states, he suggested that they be treated equally, a view opposed to those who had moved to place superior power in the existing States. August 30 was a day of silence for Colonel Mason. On August 31, Mason supported those who felt that only nine States needed to ratify rather than ten as was on the table. Nine States had been acceptable for the Confederation and there was no valid reason to change. As August came to a close, Mason seconded the motion of Elbridge Gerry to postpone a decision on how and when the States should be allowed to ratify the Constitution. It was during this speech that Mason declared he would sooner chop off his right hand than put to the people the Constitution as it

Cadburys - Marketing Strategies :: Business Management Studies

Cadburys - Marketing Strategies In order to increase sales Cadburys needs to undertake a range of marketing activities before deciding upon the best way to encourage the purchase of its product. When identifying the basic principals which Cadburys must apply to its marketing will be its basic objectives because all business must have objectives it allows them to increase sales and make profit. Corporate aims are the long term intentions of a business, whereas corporate objectives are the specific targets required to achieve the aims. The common aim and objectives of the corporation such as Cadbury includes the following: 1 Survival 2 Profit maximisation- which is often taken to be the reason why firms exists and to be the primary objectives in practices most firms have a hierarchy of objectives when a firms survival is threaten it may profit maximise in order to restore its financial health. 3 Growth- which includes Cadbury selling new products or expanding overseas. 4 Diversification- which is the spreading of business risks by reducing dependence on one product. 5 Sales maximisation- which is the increasing of sales 6 Improving the product image-which includes creating a new logo or launching a new brand of product and creating more attractive packaging. For example, Cadbury set out two objectives for the development of their chocolate, Fuse. These were: 1. To grow the market for chocolate confectionery 2. To increase Cadbury's share of the snacking sector When launching a product the company Cadbury’s had to make sure that any new product in the snaking sector must establish points of difference, creating a unique selling proposition (USP) i.e. a product with unique appeal which is not shared by any of its competitors. Referring back to the example of Fuse, Cadbury lost a lot of money

Ecommerce :: Essays Papers

Ecommerce The Internet has caught on like wild fire. No one ever intended for it to be so commercially successful. In the beginning, its main purpose was to send and receive messages; no one anticipated that one-day people could buy books and cars over a computer. Though with the advancement of certain technologies, this has happened. E-commerce is a worldwide commodity that has taken the place of trips to the supermarket and has given us the freedom to conduct business at out house in our pajamas. To fully understand what e-commerce is, you must first understand where it came from. It all started with the DOD (Department of Defense) in 1996. After the Cold War the Government wanted a reliable line of communication. If a network link became damaged by enemy attack, the information on it could be rerouted automatically to other links. This was the birth of the Internet. In order to use anything on the Internet, it is required that you learn to operate a separate program, one for the mail, one for news groups, and several different programs for accessing databases. This all changed in 1989. A researcher at CERN (a big European physics laboratory) named Tim Berners-Lee started to work on hypertext. By using hypertext he could link together all the different kinds of information available on the Internet. Berners-Lee called the software pack the World Wide Web. For the World Wide Web to work, each page has it’s own address that the web recognizes using a system called HTTP (Hypertext Transport Protocol). Each page has to be written with a special language called HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). This language tells the computer how to display a page. Now with the invention of the web, Businesses can use pictures to help sell their merchandise online, And now that the Internet is everywhere- in schools, libraries, and even cafes – anyone can order just about anything from anywhere. It is now easier than ever to have and start your own web page; anyone form a big corporation or even the average joe can build his for her own web page. Just like Jeff Bezos, Time magazine’s Person of the Year of 1999. With a loan from the bank, Jeff founded Amazon.com in his garage and helped start e-commerce, as we now know it.

My 70th Birthday Speech

My Seventieth Birthday Speech â€Å"The seventieth birthday! It is the time of life when you arrive at a new and awful dignity; when you throw aside the decent reserves which have oppressed you for a generation and have stand unafraid and unabashed upon your seven-terraced summit and look down and teach-unrebuked. You can tell the world how you got there. † Mark Twain Good afternoon family and friends, I am privileged to be here today to celebrate with you my seventieth birthday. Today is a day I will remember fondly if health allows me to, for seventy is a good long time to live- I should know!In addition, it is truly something to celebrate. In the presence of everyone, my husband Alexander, my sons Alexandre and Vito, my daughters Thea-Simone and Mikaela, my 13 grandchildren and my three great grandchildren. I can proudly say, you are the reason I live today. Who I am today is a product of my earlier socialization, my experiences and my ambitions. I may be described as an in trovert, as you all know; I am quiet by temperament and flourishes in my own company and space, until I met my husband.Alexander and I met when we were in high school, we were friends first, however; a few years later the friendship has grown into something more. We both got accepted into a four year college where my major was psychology and his was biology. I graduated with our bachelor’s degree and then moved on to graduate school at Harvard University to further advance my studies to doctorate’s degree. In the latter part of graduate school I found out that, we were going to have a baby. Above all things I worried about being a good mother to our baby. I looked forward to its birth amidst the support of friends and family.Understandably, I became alarmed when my doctor spoke about his concern about the hike in my blood pressure. He cautioned me about the dangers of high blood pressure levels especially during pregnancy. I immediately changed my diet as per recommend ation and did a critical self-reflection in my quest to de-stress and restore my blood pressure to normal. It was indeed a scary time for me when my blood pressure seemed beyond control and I had to be hospitalized for treatment in the latter trimester of my pregnancy. At this point, the doctor has decided t best that I await the birth of my baby within the hospital walls, luckily, it was almost time. Looking back now, I am amazed that I found the strength to take the next step. When my daughter was born, I was devastated to learn to that, she had but a fifty-fifty chance of surviving as a direct result of the dangerously high blood pressure levels during labor. She stayed with us for a couple hours before she passed on, leaving behind devastation in her wake. I was at a low place in all faucets of my life during this time. I was crippled by grief and felt as if I had come to the end of my journey.I could not help feeling that this was a personal blow to me by God. I wondered how he could have allowed something so drastic and final to happen to me. I wondered if I was being punished for some terrible wrong that I had done. I had to dig deep inside of me to hold onto my faith in God and find the strength to pick up the pieces of my life. I was encouraged to mourn my baby by not living in denial and resume University as soon as I was able, as staying at home for an extended period as was previously planned would hinder the healing process.I conceded and returned to school hoping to fill the vacuum that the baby’s death had left inside of my soul. Had it not been for the wonderful people who entered my life and embraced me as one of their own, my coping skills would have been non-existent. Together they created a very strong support system and constantly encouraged me to hold on to my dreams and aspirations, remaining focused and surmounting each obstacle as they arose. The future was unpredictable in its entirety but I tried to remain focused and continue to believe in that which I want to achieve for myself.I knew I could not do it all by myself and I am forever grateful to my wonderful husband who stood by me through happy times and sad ones and for all the assistance I have received then and now that has helped to shape who I am today. My hard work and determination has paid off, now it is time for me to have fun. I am now retired from being the CEO of the Middleton Psychiatric Hospital and has passed down the honors to my eldest son Dr. Vito Samuda. I believe I have bored you long enough with my long speech, and I can hear the stomach growling from hunger, enjoy your meal.Guest List| Name|   | Hank Aaron|   | F. Murray Abraham|   | Spencer Abraham|   | Dick Albert|   | Eddie Albert|   | Marv Albert|   | Kim Alexis|   | Debbie Allen|   | Ethan Allen|   | Gracie Allen|   | Irwin Allen|   | Joan Allen|   | Karen Allen|   | Marcus Allen|   | Peter Allen|   | Steve Allen|   | Tim Allen|   | Woody A llen|   | Bobby Allison|   | Ben Alexander|   | Jason Alexander|   | William Alexander|   | Tori Amos|   | Marie Antoinette|   | Susan Anton|   | â€Å"Tiny† Archibald|   | Benedict Arnold|   | Eddie Arnold|   | Tom Arnold|   | Bea Arthur|   | Chester Allen Arthur|   |Elizabeth Ashley|   | Laura Ashley|   | Klaus Barbie|   | Sir James Barrie|   | Dave Barry|   | Jeff Barry|   | Linda Barry|   | Marion Barry|   | Rick Barry|   | Freddie Bartholemew|   | Stan Belinda|   | Albert Belle|   | Richard Benjamin|   | Jack Benny|   | Crystal Bernard|   | Bill Bradley|   | Ed Bradley|   | Omar Bradley|   | George Brett|   | Zachary Ty Bryan|   | Kobe Bryant|   | Morgan Brittany|   | Lenny Bruce|   | Nigel Bruce|   | Robert Bruce|   | William Jennings Bryan|   | Anita Bryant|   | Kirk Cameron|   | Jim Carrey|   | Drew Carey|   | Mariah Carey|   | Eric Carmen|   |Diahann Carroll|   | Lewis Carro ll|   | Ray Charles|   | Suzette Charles|   | Warren Christopher|   | William Christopher|   | Agatha Christie|   | Doug Christie|   | Julie Christie|   | Dick Clark|   | Dwight Clark (49ers)|   | Marcia Clark|   | Roy Clark|   | Henry Clay|   | Adam Clayton|   | Jimmy Cliff|   | Sidonie Gabrielle Claudine Colette|   | Joseph Conrad|   | William Conrad|   | Jenny Craig|   | Jim Craig|   | Yvonne Craig|   | Billy Crystal|   | Jamie Lee Curtis|   | Tony Curtis|   | Michael Damian|   | Matt Damon|   | Bill Dana|   | Keith David|   | Larry David|   |Dizzy Dean|   | James Dean|   | Jimmy Dean|   | John Dean|   | Sandra Dee|   | Sandy Dennis|   | Martin Denny|   | Sandy Denny|   | Andy Dick|   | Philip K. Dick|   | Kirk Douglas|   | Michael Douglas|   | Mike Douglas|   | Sherman Douglas|   | Stephen A. Douglas|   | William O Douglas|   | Sandy Duncan|   | Reginald Dwight|   | (See â€Å"Elton Jo hn†)|   | Jakob Dylan|   | Bob Dylan|   | Steve Earle|   | Duane Eddy|   | Nelson Eddy|   | Bill Elliot|   | Bob Elliot|   | Chris Elliot|   | Cass Elliot|   | George Eliot|   | Sam Elliot|   | Sean Elliot|   | T. S. Eliot|   | Julius â€Å"Dr.J† Erving|   | Chad Everett|   | Percy Faith|   | Tammy Faye|   | Arlene Francis|   | Coleman Francis|   | Connie Francis|   | Dick Francis|   | Anne Frank|   | Barney Frank|   | Sandy Frank|   | Aretha Franklin|   | Bonnie Franklin|   | Joe Franklin|   | Benjamin Franklin|   | Peter Gabriel|   | Jennie Garth|   | Crystal Gayle|   | Phyllis George|   | Wally George|   | Johnny Gilbert|   | Melissa Gilbert|   | Sarah Gilbert|   | John Glenn|   | Jeff Gordon|   | Topher Grace|   | Billy Graham|   | Katherine Graham|   | Amy Grant|   | Hugh Grant|   | U. S. Grant|   | Judd Gregg|   |Dick Gregory|   | Gilbert Gottfried|   | Buddy Guy| | Dar ryl Hannah| | George Harrison| | Debbie Harry| | P. J. Harvey| | Paul Harvey| | Steve Harvey| | Buck Henry| | John Henry| | Patrick Henry| | Frank Herbert| | Sir Edmund Hillary| | Buddy Holly| | Lauren Holly| | Bob Hope| | Curly Howard| | Jerome Howard| | John Howard| | Moe Howard| | Ron Howard| | Victor Hugo| | Hubert Humphrey| | Janis Ian| | Amy Irving| | John Irving| | Julius Irving| | Washington Irving| | Chris Isaak| | Dennis James| | Harry James| | Henry James| | Jesse James| | Kevin James| |

Personal Statement: Graduate school program in teaching at the secondary level Essay

I believe I am more than qualified to be admitted to the secondary education program of the Graduate school as I possess the needed knowledge, talents, skills, and most of all, attitude that would help me become successful in my profession. I firmly believe that teaching is the right career for me because I find joy in seeing people, particularly the youth, grow using the lessons and values I have taught them. For me, one of the greatest pleasures in life is to see my students transform into intellectual, highly-versatile, and law-abiding citizens who would make an impact on their respective careers and who would contribute greatly to society in general. Moreover, I am the type of person who adapts very well to pressure and difficulties. It is a well-known fact that secondary level students are very challenging to educate as they are very diverse in terms of attitude, emotions, and intellect, among others. I am more than willing and capable to meet those challenges and insurmountable obstacles that would come along my way just as long as I am able to teach my students and help them reach their dreams, what ever they may be. Most of all, I basically find enthusiasm in teaching. I believe that the knowledge, skills, and information I have acquired over the years would be useless unless I share them with others. In this regard, I realize that the best way to share what I know is through teaching which is why I am pursuing a post-graduate degree because I want to be a highly-effective teacher to my students. In short, my capabilities, my various skills, and most of all, my attitude and passion towards teaching would no doubt allow me to make an impact on my students and to equip them with all the tools and lessons they need to survive in the real world. Once accepted, I will work hard and do my best to become a well-rounded and highly adept educator who would provide students with the quality education they deserve.

Literature on Recruitment Essay

1.Ours and Ridder (1992) introduced a novel method to test the hypothesis that firms search sequentially based (in which applicants are screened as they show up) on the relationship between the number of (rejected) job applicants and the number of employees hired. The author used data compiled from filled vacancies for the Netherlands. Different types of search methods were distinguished. The results implied that when firms use advertising, private or 76 public employment agencies, which together cover about 45 per cent of filled vacancies, sequential search is rejected. For about 55 per cent of filled vacancies however, sequential search cannot be rejected. In line with theoretical considerations, when firms use search methods that rely on social networks, sequential search cannot be rejected. 2. Gorter, Nijkamp, and Rietveld, (1993) surveyed the Dutch labor market for recruitment channels and its impact on the vacancy duration. The authors found that labor market segmentation plays an important role in the choice of the recruitment channels; in particular, advertising appears to maximize the difference between expected costs and expected benefits when the vacancy concerned belongs to the primary segment of the labor market, while when it belongs to the secondary segment the preferred recruitment channel seems to be the labor exchange office. By using a piece-wise constant hazard rate, they argued that from the analysis of the time pattern of the hazard rate one may conclude that when advertising is used employers search non-sequentially, while if the informal channel is used employers tend to search sequentially. 3. While Gorter and Ommeren (1994) pushed the analysis one step further. The authors concluded that two main recruitment strategies can be identified: a sequential use of search channels, in which the first search channel chosen is usually the informal channel, and additional search channels are activated one after the other; and an â€Å"adding to the pool† strategy in which the first search channel chosen is basically advertisement and later one or more search channels are activated in order to enrich the pool of available applicants. 4. Redman and Mathews (1995) used eleven hundred cases to examine the effectiveness of recruitment advertisements. Findings showed that, in 1980s there was an increase in public sector recruitment advertising (from 20.8 per cent to 37.8 per cent) and a corresponding decrease in private sector (from 79.2 per cent to 62.2 per cent) over the decade. At the same time the authors mentioned two main problems of recruitment advertisement designers. First, with the supply in labour market in 1993, there was a need for limited and selective response from those readily available skills in order to minimise time and cost consumed by screening, short-listing and selection. Second, despite the general over supply of the labour market, skill shortages remained a problem in number of areas. 5. Mencken & Winfield (1998) had explored the advantages and disadvantages of informal and formal recruiting practices in external labour markets. The data was analysed from 1981 Metropolitan Employer-Worker Survey (MEWS). Based on random-digit-dial telephone survey of 2,713 adults, the authors had constructed seven dichotomous dependent variables. The author found that cost made employment agencies less attractive to hiring managers for whom quality rather than volume was the primary concern. 6. Carroll, Marchington, Earnshaw and Taylor (1999) in their study on recruitment in small firms, aimed to find out how practices in small firms compare with the perspective â€Å"textbook† procedures; whether those were seen by small firms as appropriate to their needs; the recruitment problems small firms faced, and what strategies they had adopted to overcome them. 7. Kinder (2000) examined a new model for decomposing e-commerce. The paper suggested that use of the Internet in recruitment processes is likely to change the interface between internal and external labor markets for many firms. The paper predicted that the conceptions behind current research programs in labor market theory may require rethinking in the Internet era. 8. Weiss and Barbeite (2001) focused on reactions to Internet-based job sites. To this end, they developed a web-based survey that addressed the importance of job site features, privacy issues, and demographics. They found that the Internet was clearly preferred as a source of finding jobs. In particular, respondents liked job sites that had few features and required little personal information. Yet, older workers and women felt less comfortable disclosing personal information at job sites. Men and women did not differ in terms of preference for web site features, but women were less comfortable providing information online. 9. A study by Lockyer and Scholarios (2004) on selecting hotel staff, considered the nature of â€Å"best practice† for recruitment and selection. Data from Scottish hotels indicated a reliance on 79 informal methods, particularly in smaller hotels. In larger and chain hotels, structured procedures, including references, application forms and panel interviews, were evident, but, these methods were inadequate for dealing with recruitment and quality problems. 10. A research carried by Henkens, Remery and Schippers (2005) on recruiting personnel in a tight labour market aimed to analyse the instruments employers used to contact with potential workers and to find out, to what extent employers rely on traditional means like advertisement in the news paper or do they behave more actively using world wide web, visiting job fares etc. 11. A study conducted by Rafaeli, Hadomi, and Simons (2005) involved a plant located in Israel and focused on three recruitment methods: employee referrals, geographically focused ads (i.e., the local newspaper), and geographically unfocused ads (i.e., a national newspaper). They found that referrals generated more applicants, more hires, and a higher yield ratio (hires/applicants) than geographically focused ads which, in turn, outperformed unfocused ads on these three criteria. 12. A study conducted by Chand and Katou (2007) on the impact of HRM practices on organizational performance in the Indian hotel industry, investigated the affect of HRM systems on organizational performance in the hotel industry in India. A total of 439 hotels, ranging from three-star to five-star deluxe, responded to a self-administered questionnaire that measure 27 HRM practices. Factor analysis was performed to identify HRM systems, and correlation analysis was used to test the relation between HRM systems and organizational performance. The results indicated that hotel performance is positively related to HRM 80 systems of recruitment and selection, manpower planning, job designs, training and development, quality circles, and pay systems. 13. Breaugh (2008) had discussed employee recruitment and its important areas for future research, where he had reviewed research on recruitment topics that have received considerable attention (e.g., recruitment methods, realistic job previews). He had also addressed topics (e.g., targeted recruitment, the site visit) that have received relatively little attention but that have the potential to be quite important. The author suggested that, before making decisions concerning recruitment issues as what recruitment methods to use, an organization should thoughtfully establish its recruitment objectives.

Memoirs of a Geisha Book and Movie Analysis Essay

I. Introduction Speaking to us with the wisdom of age and in a voice at once haunting and startlingly immediate, Nitta Sayuri tells the story of her life as a geisha. It begins in a poor fishing village in 1929, when, as a nine-year-old girl with unusual blue-gray eyes, she is taken from her home and sold into slavery to a renowned geisha house. We witness her transformation as she learns the rigorous arts of the geisha: dance and music; wearing kimono, elaborate makeup, and hair; pouring sake to reveal just a touch of inner wrist; competing with a jealous rival for men’s solicitude and the money that goes with it. In Memoirs of a Geisha, we enter a world where appearances are paramount; where a girl’s virginity is auctioned to the highest bidder; where women are trained to beguile the most powerful men; and where love is scorned as illusion. It is a unique and triumphant work of fiction—at once romantic, erotic, suspenseful—and completely unforgettable. II. Comparison and Contrast After reading a lot of positive critique about the novel, I bought a copy and read it eagerly the moment I took hold of it. I’ve seen the movie long before I read the book. It was the movie that captured my interest and based on my experience, the books are always better than the movie, except for The DaVinci Code which I think, doesn’t have any difference with the book, that’s why I decided that it is a must to read the novel. The characters were vividly described. I was carried away by the emotions of the characters especially Nitta Sayuri, who was at the beginning, known as Chiyo, the girl from a poor coastal town who was sold to an okiya to be trained to become a geisha. It was focused on how a geisha is trained, about the life of a geisha. I always felt myself controlling my emotions especially on trying sequences in the novel. I was controlling my emotions just how Sayuri did, the way a geisha should. The character of Hatsumomo, on the other hand, made me feel mixed emotions. I was angry because of her cruelty to a helpless child but I also pity her because she knows that this very young helpless girl can eat her alive if she will get proper training as a geisha. The first real kindness that she experienced from the â€Å"Chairman† touched her deeply and gave her hope, a sense of purpose which vanished totally after she failed to meet her older sister when they planned to runaway and go back to their home. The book showed me that geishas are not prostitutes. They are well-trained, professional entertainers and although they, most of the time, manipulate men’s emotion for their own welfare, they know where their stand and that those men’s money were reciprocated by services enough that they don’t mind spending them. Communities depended greatly on Geishas, not directly but through the income they get from how the Geisha’s business operates. The book made me understand how hard it is to be a Geisha, how a woman gives her virginity to the highest bidder and how loving does not have a space in a woman’s life if she really want to succeed in her career. The movie did not do much explaining as the book but it was good. It did not show how meticulous it is to tie an obi. I did not feel overwhelmed by the dance scene as I felt reading how it was described in the book. They also changed how Hatsumomo left. In the book, she got so angry on a client that she bit him and after that, she was kicked out of the okiya but in the movie, she burned their okiya. I think it was a major turning point and should not be changed. It was also mentioned in the book how it felt strange when Hatsumomo was not living there in their okiya anymore. It was a good chance to play at the emotions of the viewers. But there were good things about the movie such as perfect soundtrack which carried on the mood and emphasized the emotions felt in different scenes, the casting was perfect although I would have chosen a prettier Mameha, and the colors were vivid, and some scenes made me go through the same emotions again as when I read it in the book such as the distant romance between the Chairman and Sayuri. I would also like it better if it was shown in the movie how the Chairman became Sayuri’s danna and that the two of them moved to NYC and Sayuri decided to put up her own teahouse there. III. Reaction The movie is a great supplement for the book. It was good by itself but reading the book will make you understand more, not only about being a Geisha but the culture in China, the complexity of the difference in economic status, the traditions that remained well-kept, and the depth of the kind of relationship that Sayuri and the Chairman had. The characters were well presented in the books as well as the settings and scenes. I love reading and I don’t get easily bored with books but it is also rare that I feel heavy in the chest to just put a book down. â€Å"Memoirs of a Geisha† is one of my favorite novels and although the movie did not make it to my list, it is a must-see if you read the novel. It would be much better if you read the book first because the movie will just help you visualize although that would not be needed because everything was vividly described by Arthur Golden in the novel the same way Rob Marshall precisely recreated the scenes that preserved the novel’s beautiful tragedy.

Black And White Women Of The Old

South Essay, Research Paper Minrose Gwin? s book, Black and White Women of the Old South, argues that history has jobs with objectivity. Her book brings to life interesting readings on the position of the adult females of the old South and movable bondage in historical American fiction and autobiography. Gwin? s chief statements discussed how the white adult females of the South in no manner wanted to expose any sort of compassion for a fellow adult female of African descent. Gwin described the sistership between black and white adult females as a violent connexion ( pg 4 ) . Not merely that, Gwin? s book discusses the thought that for most of the eighteenth and 19th century, a black adult female normally got subjected to supplanting of sexual and mental defeat of white adult females. Gwin discusses how these black adult females, because of the sexual and mental maltreatment, felt looked down on more by Whites and hence reduced to even a lower degree than that of white adult females? s position of being a a dult female. . A southern white female slave proprietor merely saw black adult females as another slave, or worse. White adult females needed to make this in order to maintain themselves from experiencing that they were of higher position than every one else except for their hubby. White adult females as, Gwin describes, ever proved that they had complete control and black adult females needed to bow to them. Gwin? s book discusses that the white male slave proprietors brought this onto the black adult females on the plantation. They would ravish black adult females, and so alternatively of the white adult females covering with their hubbies. They would travel after the black adult females merely since the married womans had no power over the hubbies, but they maintained entire control of the slaves, the white adult females would assail the black adult females and do their lives really diffucult. The white adult females would do certain that the black adult females understood that the white adult f emales wholly hated the black adult females for being raped and wanted merely hurting for the them. This is how the black adult females of that clip got the stereotypes of being really sexual existences and hated by there oppressors. You can see grounds of this when Gwin discussed the worlds of such hatred in the book Absalom, Absalom by William Faulkner. The chief character, Clytie, sexual assaults by her male maestro disturbances her because she doesn? t desire to be involved with him, but her female maestro feels that she should be punished for it. So the white female slave proprietor beats her and abuses her every bit much as possible. The transition goes on to demo how colza, gets Clytie labeled as a prostitute. The book discussed how one of the rule grounds as to how the white adult female or kept woman and the black adult females got along, depends on whether or non the slave adult females appeared to endanger the societal position of the adult females. When the white work forces tried to ravish the black adult females it made the white adult females socially look like nil more than a slave. This made the white adult females experience forced to turn out to the black adult females that power still remained in the white adult female? s corner regardless of the maestro? s sexual desires. The kept womans made certain that the slave adult females understood that they valued less than any white adult females, for the chief ground that the white adult female had true power every bit long as the chief wanted her. An illustration of this that I read would be when a white adult female externally expressed that she worried chiefly about her loss of power, non really about matrimony. Saphire, a ficti onal character that Gwin analyzes, says # 8230 ; chiefly concerned with her power # 8230 ; she views her hubbies fondnesss for a slave as an undercutting of her power over him in their relationship which. As the hubby himself describes every bit, what makes her the maestro and him the Miller. ( pg 133 ) The slave that caused this disquieted normally received many whippings and unneeded overworking of the slave. At the clip, this intervention was non unheard of and needed, the white slave proprietors used it as an illustration to demo all slaves that they were non deserving the air they breath except in the Fieldss. And even those who were non involved were treated as sub-human and found that life remained difficult for them. Gwin describes the black communications with their oppressors as a alternate female parent and her kids that demand counsel, looking after, and strong subject. The black adult females knew that no affair what she did she would acquire whippings from the white adult females and their kept womans, they took movable bondage to its boundaries in how the adult females treated the black adult females when they felt threatened. White adult females didn? T merely physical ly abuse the black adult female they besides mentally abused her. The slave adult females were associated with sex and loss of control, sexually implicative, and wild Negroes. ( pg 119 ) These derogative names were what most white adult females came to pigeonhole as being the definition of the mean black adult female. So they to had it difficult when they were being worked by the adult female of the house. Bing that the mere thought that if you were a black adult female your kept woman or lady of the house felt threatened by your presence, so they did at that place best to do certain the black adult females got to pall and to moo of self-pride to make anything. In are category we discussed how adult females, during the 1700? s A ; 1800? s, began to conflict with their functions in society. Our category observed how adult females? s lives began to alter during this clip period. The adult females of this clip period were raised to believe in a patriarcle system because it promised to protect, privilege, and subordinate them. We took note in our category room lectures that finally this system gave adult females a great sum of power being they had what their hubby wanted. This book gives good illustrations of what happened to this system and how it starts to alter from its manner. The slave adult females? s sexual relationship with the white hubbies had made it really hard for the adult females to hold the power they had in their places, and the system was non functioning them as it should, so the adult females made a alteration. This illustration of how the adult females had gone from a life style that they enjoyed to taking some duty over th eir life. The adult females had to get down do certain for herself that she still remained at her proper lady position no affair what her hubby does, and that is why they beat and made the lives of African adult females much harder. But more significantly you can see how the white adult females of the South were get downing to do the alterations needed to acquire what they needed from society, by utilizing their ain system that works the best for them. This shows the alteration from entire power to obtaining things on their ain. Because of these alterations in their life styles adult females found they needed change their individuality in order to maintain some sort of power. Gwin? s book goes on to speak about how the white adult female? s lifestyle alterations. And how they got straight involved in their lives, and get down looking out for themselves, being that the system of the hubby looking out for her began to vanish. The white adult females of the south felt threatened by wha t they felt could be a definite challenge to their power and they needed to get down to alter so that they could still be able to accomplish the ends that they need fulfilled in life. The southern adult females during this clip period were holding to go much independent and get down to acquire occupations and all become more active in the ways of working because the South could non stay the same with the release of the slaves. Womans had began to acquire occupations and work along side of her hubby, and get down to go more involved in the mundane ways of life. I think that Gwin? s book is a good illustration of what has and still is go oning to adult females. Their life style is ever altering. Gwin? s statement that life was neer a sistership between the inkinesss and white in the alleged American fiction and autobiography seems prove true. These adult females were really much different and the ethnocentrism in a white adult female keeps her from of all time acquiring past the dark tegument, and makes the white adult females experience more like the Africans were more of an animate being so an existent individual. The white adult females ever feels that the slave must understand that the adult male may rank higher than her but even if her hubby wants to mess around so mistake goes to the slave non the hubbies. And the slave will neer be to her degree, because the black slave will neer be a lady. And in the book you can see how the white adult females lost there power in the house and that their system of life that they received didn? t prove to work out any longer for them so they had to try to set to a manner life took would take them. I feel that Gwin argues that the chief ground for the confrontations for the battle of power became apparent in that it had gotten to indicate that certain black adult females would non allow their ain female proprietors hit them. This is an illustration of how non merely how the Whites adult females challenged the system, but besides how the slave adult females started to do alterations in how they willed to be treated. Bibliographic commendation Gwin, Minrose. Black And White Women Of The Old South. Knoxville: Tennessee Press, 1985.